Decree 20/2002 is the key regulation for rural tourism (turismo rural) and active tourism (turismo activo) in Andalusia, Spain. Since its implementation in January 2002, it has been modified several times to adapt to changes in the tourism industry. The decree focuses on promoting sustainable tourism while preserving Andalusia’s natural and cultural heritage. Here’s a simplified overview of its main aspects and requirements for those interested in rural and active tourism.
Purpose of the Decree
The main goal of the decree is to develop rural tourism in a way that respects the environment and supports the local economy. This involves creating a framework that encourages sustainable tourism and establishes the legal requirements for businesses offering rural accommodations and active tourism activities, such as hiking, biking, and water sports.
Definition of Rural Tourism
Rural tourism, according to the decree, includes accommodations and activities situated outside of urban areas, usually in natural or agricultural environments. Properties offering rural tourism services must blend into the traditional architectural style of the region and maintain a strong connection to the local landscape and culture. There are different types of rural accommodations:
- Casas rurales: Independent houses with a maximum of 20 guest spaces.
- Rural hotels and apartments: Larger, more structured establishments offering accommodation and additional services.
- Tourism complexes: Groups of buildings with common facilities, such as pools or playgrounds.
Active Tourism
Active tourism involves activities that require physical effort or present an element of risk, such as climbing, kayaking, or cycling. The decree includes guidelines for these activities to ensure the safety of tourists and protect the natural environment. Companies offering active tourism services must comply with specific regulations, such as providing certified guides and ensuring adequate insurance.
Legal Requirements for Rural Tourism Businesses
Businesses providing rural accommodation must meet the following criteria:
- Infrastructure: Adequate facilities, such as proper sewage systems and water supply, must be in place.
- Licences: Accommodations must be registered in the Andalusian Tourism Registry (Registro de Turismo de Andalucía).
- Environmental Responsibility: Activities and accommodations should not damage the local ecosystem. Measures like waste management and energy-saving practices are encouraged.
Services and Specialisations
Rural accommodations may offer complementary services such as traditional meals, local product sales, or guided tours. Additionally, businesses can specialise in areas like:
- Agrotourism: Guests can participate in agricultural activities.
- Nature lodges: Educational centres focusing on nature and local wildlife.
Promotion and Sustainability
The decree promotes the use of rural tourism as a tool for economic development in less populated areas. It encourages local businesses to collaborate and innovate, ensuring the sustainability and growth of tourism in the region. Additionally, special funding and training programs are available to support these businesses, helping them meet modern standards while preserving traditional ways of life.
Conclusion
Decree 20/2002 provides the foundation for developing and regulating rural and active tourism in Andalusia. By establishing clear guidelines for businesses and promoting sustainable tourism practices, it ensures that visitors can enjoy the beauty of rural Andalusia in a way that supports the local economy and protects the environment.
